便携软件和绿色软件的探讨
当接触计算机一段时间的人们,开始意识到流氓软件的危害,并开始不信任安装版的软件,寻求所谓的绿色无污染之道(也就是不会在用户的计算机上留下难以清除的冗余信息的软件),于是有了绿色软件这个概念,现在这已经是一个炙手可热的词汇。
而现在,便携软件的定义也开始广为流传并且很数人热衷此道,A.shun也是其中之一,在我选择软件的过程中这是重要参考因素。
那么,这两个概念它们有什么区别和联系?
以下只是谈谈我对便携软件和绿色软件的看法,纯属个人见解,欢迎指教。
便携软件的定义和特点
绿色软件,或称便携软件(英文称为Portable Application、Portable Software或Green Software),指一类小型软件,多数为免费软件,最大特点是软件无需安装便可使用,可存放于闪存中(因此称为可携式软体),移除后也不会将任何纪录(注册表消息等)留在本机计算机上。
这是wikipedia给出的定义。
特点
- 不需要安装(任何形式)
- 不对该程序所在目录以外的位置写入文件,不注册服务和驱动
- 设置文件保存在自身目录下,不写注册表
从这几点看来,绿色软件和便携软件可以划上等号。但是。。。应该这么说,便携软件=真.绿色软件(狭义的绿色软件)。这个请看下下段。
便携软件的优点
- 节省时间:软件安装、卸载的时间、重新配置的时间,有效延长生命抗衰老。恩,很神奇的说。
- 节省精力:路径迁移和重装系统后无需重新配置,在一定程度上一劳永逸。
- 保证系统洁净:不对系统写入文件,不改写服务和驱动,绿色无污染,从而保证运行效率。
- 带上我们的习惯:移动位置后或者在U盘中可以正常载入原来的配置,有利于软件依赖性的延续。
- 可让我们硬盘上存在多个相同的软件,可同时运作,且互不干扰。
- 可以满足一下完美主义的心理
被扭曲的“绿色”软件
为什么要有狭义和广义之分呢?
目前绿色软件的定义已经开始被扭曲了。
看看各大绿色软件下载站,放眼望去全都是xx绿色版。。何其壮观。。
但是下下来会发现,它们大多数并不符合上面的条件,充其量只是免安装软件而已。
还有那些xx绿色特别版,都是破解软件借着绿色之名大摇大摆的广为传播。
有的制作粗糙,只是把安装后的文件重新打包。很多单文件版更是如此,临时文件什么的都往系统目录里面丢。有的甚至只是后台解压到临时文件夹运行,而退出的时候并没有给你删除。
很多绿色软件作者对采用注册表保存设置的软件,写了相应的reg文件或者批处理来说实现绿化和卸载,基本也算是无污染。可以算是广义的绿色软件吧。但这并不能算是便携软件,写了之后再擦掉和不写有着本质区别。
so,我很不喜欢用这个词。而是强调便携软件和便携化。
是不是真正的绿色软件可以通过简单观察、扫描注册表、比较系统快照、反编译等方法来进行判断。
便携化
从这个角度上看,软件可以分为3类
- 本身就是便携软件,例如Foobar2K、u9x、fgxxx(别问我这是什么)等等,这类软件不多。
- 可以便携化的软件,例如Opera、FF、TC等等。这类就很丰富了,它们只要稍加修改就可以了实现便携化,修改好后与其他便携软件本质上并无太大区别。
- 不可便携化的软件,例如大多数杀毒软件、输入法、IE
软件便携化的条件
不是所有软件都能实现便携化的,可以说,这种属性或者潜力在写程序的时候已经被决定。
- 不采用注册表的配置保存方式。
而是使用ini(如Tc),xml(如FreeFileSync),dat等其中一种或者几种设置档来保存配置。需要使用reg和批处理实现简易安装、卸载的不能算是彻底绿化。 - 不对运行环境有太多依赖
运行环境除了操作系统外,还包括Vc运行库、Delphi运行、Java、.Net等。这就和开发语言有关,Visual C++、Delphi和C++ Builder允许用户选择所编译得到的程序是否依赖于运行库。而VB、FoxPro、PowerBuilder、LabWindows/CVI和Matlab就不允许用户进行这种选择,必须依赖于运行库。后面这几种也没有太明显的分界线,如果该环境很普及(比如说vb运行库),那么依然可以实现便携。当然.net2.0和3.5是绝对不符合的。。我很不喜欢这玩意。。超级巨无霸。。虽然以后应该会成为主流。 - 不产生临时文件或者临时文件保存在自身目录下,再或者可以自定义临时文件的位置,不需要注册服务和驱动
不得不说
说到便携和绿色就不得不提到这几个。
U3
U3 是一个移动计算平台,允许您在 USB 闪存盘上携带应用程序,然后在任何 PC 上运行它们。因此,不管您去到何处 – 办公室或家里、网吧或商务中心 – 您都可以携带最喜欢的软件和数据文件。
U3软件符合便携的所有标准,但是需要支持U3协议的U盘(基本上Sandisk的都支持)。
Portableapps.com
由John T. Haller所成立的,是国外一个提供各种可携式软件的网站。大多数可以便携化的软件都有现成的,而且大多提供多国语言包。如果你喜欢便携软件却又懒得动手,那么没事去挖一下吧。传送门
云端软件平台
按照他们的说法“云端用更先进的虚拟化技术,实现软件的全面绿色,并改善了传统绿软的缺陷。”
但是,这样软件本身除了依赖系统之外还有依赖着这个中间平台,而且虽然说不用写系统注册表,但是还是要设置缓存路径的,如果装多了的话,修改极其不便。
没有所谓的便携可言。安全性也有待考证。
不过这玩意对新手来说却是比较方便,很有创意。也懂得怎么为自己推广,是潜力股。
最后
再啰嗦几句。看看你们硬盘上所谓的绿软有多少是真.绿软,可便携。
便携软件很好,但要明白我们追求的并不是便携软件本身,而是简洁和效率提升。
所谓的绿色未必真的绿,同时安装版的软件也可以绿色。
» 转载请以超链接形式注明来源:A.shun Blog » 《便携软件和绿色软件的探讨》
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Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 346
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 348
Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is no longer supported, use preg_replace_callback instead in /www/wwwroot/ashun/shun.im/wp-content/themes/zova/functions.php on line 350